Deformation and damage in particle-reinforced composites: Experiments and models

The optimization of the mechanical properties of composites requires a detailed simulation of the complex deformation and failure mechanisms which arise in these heterogeneous microstructures upon loading. It has been shown that damage in the form of particle fracture, interface decohesion or ductile matrix failure controls many important mechanical properties, and this has led to the development of micromechancial models which include damage. This article reviews the current progress in this area within the framework of the two leading simulation approaches: the homogeneization techniques and the finite element analysis of three-dimensional multiparticle unit cells. Although the simulation tools presented are general, they are focused on analysing the behavior of metal- or polymer-matrix composites reinforced with stiff and brittle ceramic particles.