Searching for resilience among African-American youth exposed to community violence: Theoretical issues

被引:44
|
作者
Howard, DE
机构
[1] Center for Minority Health Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
[2] Center for Minority Health Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
关键词
African-American; violence; resilience; coping; adolescence;
D O I
10.1016/1054-139X(95)00230-P
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Purpose: The exploration of resilience factors which may moderate the impact of violence exposure on African-American youth living in high-crime neighborhoods has received scant research attention. Yet, how these adolescents appraise and cope with exposures to violent events has implications for social adaptation and resilience. This article attempts to organize diverse literatures and cross-disciplinary perspectives into an integrative framework for the study of resilience among African-American youth exposed to violence. Methods: The search for protective factors requires critical examination of both the ethnocentric bias in traditional developmental frameworks and the decontextualization of sociocultural and environmental influences on adaptation. A paradigmatic refocusing is necessary, one which highlights the capacities for coping and adaptation resulting from the engagement of personal resources, family strengths, and community support systems. Results: To facilitate this research, an appraisal and coping model of violence is presented. This model emphasizes the need to identify and assess the appraisal processes and coping strategies initiated by African-American families as they attempt to thrive amidst community violence. Conclusions: Protective factors, operative at different junctures and within different ecologies, may reduce the likelihood of maladaption or promote social competence in African-American youth exposed to violence. This search for resilience must address the meaning of competence and mechanisms of familial and external support that are salient within the African-American community.
引用
收藏
页码:254 / 262
页数:9
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [21] ACCEPTING COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY FOR AFRICAN-AMERICAN YOUTH EDUCATION AND SOCIALIZATION
    LAPOINT, V
    JOURNAL OF NEGRO EDUCATION, 1992, 61 (04): : 451 - 454
  • [22] African-American Transgender Youth
    Rosario, Vernon A.
    JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH, 2009, 13 (04) : 298 - 308
  • [23] Exposure to chronic community violence: Resilience in African American children
    Jones, Janine M.
    JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY, 2007, 33 (02) : 125 - 149
  • [24] Violence Exposure and Teen Dating Violence Among African American Youth
    Black, Beverly M.
    Chido, Lisa M.
    Preble, Kathleen M.
    Weisz, Arlene N.
    Yoon, Jina S.
    Delaney-Black, Virginia
    Kernsmith, Poco
    Lewandowski, Linda
    JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE, 2015, 30 (12) : 2174 - 2195
  • [25] Aerobic fitness among Caucasian, African-American, and Latino youth
    Shaibi, GQ
    Ball, GDC
    Goran, MI
    ETHNICITY & DISEASE, 2006, 16 (01) : 120 - 125
  • [26] HIV PREVENTION BELIEFS AMONG URBAN AFRICAN-AMERICAN YOUTH
    STEVENSON, HC
    DAVIS, G
    WEBER, E
    WEIMAN, D
    ABDULKABIR, S
    JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH, 1995, 16 (04) : 316 - 323
  • [27] Prevalence of disabling conditions among African-American children and youth
    Saravanabhavan, RC
    Walker, S
    JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 1999, 91 (05) : 265 - 272
  • [28] LITERACY AMONG AFRICAN-AMERICAN YOUTH - ISSUES IN LEARNING, TEACHING AND SCHOOLING - GADSDEN,VL, WAGNER,DA
    DORSEYGAINES, C
    JOURNAL OF NEGRO EDUCATION, 1994, 63 (04): : 652 - 653
  • [29] The Role of Depressive Symptoms in Substance Use Among African American Boys Exposed to Community Violence
    Tache, Rachel M.
    Lambert, Sharon F.
    Ialongo, Nicholas S.
    JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, 2020, 33 (06) : 1039 - 1047
  • [30] Exposure to Community Violence and Sexual Behaviors Among African American Youth: Testing Multiple Pathways
    Voisin, Dexter R.
    Hotton, Anna
    Neilands, Torsten
    BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, 2018, 44 (01) : 19 - 27