The main objective of this research is to investigate the concept of sustainable urbanism, both in terms of methodological processes and possible applications. The latter will be defined based on an urban analysis of the city of Cuiaba, the capital of Mato Grosso State in Brazil. In developing countries, cities will grow by over 2 billion people over the next 30 years, a process that implies serious environmental and socioeconomic impacts in these urban regions, among other adverse effects on human society and quality of life, as over half of the emerging population will be relegated to living in slums and illegal occupations. Brazil will grow by nearly 30 million people over the next 30 years, and the vast majority of this population will live in cities. This research seeks to provide alternative paths to current urban processes. These alternatives are supported by the qualitative and quantitative analyses applied between 2000 and 2010, which have allowed for a better understanding of the urban condition of Cuiaba regarding its population dispersion process (on an urban scale), as well as land use and occupation (on a scale of 25 ha).