Water production in comet 81P/Wild 2 as determined by Herschel/HIFI

被引：27

作者：

de Val-Borro, M. ^{[1
]}

Hartogh, P. ^{[1
]}

Crovisier, J. ^{[2
]}

Bockelee-Morvan, D. ^{[2
]}

Biver, N. ^{[2
]}

Lis, D. C. ^{[3
]}

Moreno, R. ^{[2
]}

Jarchow, C. ^{[1
]}

Rengel, M. ^{[1
]}

Szutowicz, S. ^{[4
]}

Banaszkiewicz, M. ^{[4
]}

Bensch, F. ^{[5
]}

Blecka, M. I. ^{[4
]}

Emprechtinger, M. ^{[3
]}

Encrenaz, T. ^{[2
]}

Jehin, E. ^{[6
]}

Kueppers, M.

Lara, L. -M. ^{[7
]}

Lellouch, E. ^{[2
]}

Swinyard, B. M. ^{[8
]}

Vandenbussche, B. ^{[9
]}

Bergin, E. A. ^{[10
]}

Blake, G. A. ^{[3
]}

Blommaert, J. A. D. L. ^{[9
]}

Cernicharo, J. ^{[11
]}

Decin, L. ^{[9
,12
]}

Encrenaz, P. ^{[13
]}

de Graauw, T. ^{[14
,15
]}

Hutsemekers, D. ^{[6
]}

Kidger, M.

Manfroid, J. ^{[6
]}

Medvedev, A. S. ^{[1
]}

Naylor, D. A. ^{[16
]}

Schieder, R. ^{[17
]}

Stam, D. ^{[14
]}

Thomas, N. ^{[18
]}

Waelkens, C. ^{[9
]}

Szczerba, R. ^{[19
]}

Saraceno, P. ^{[20
]}

Di Giorgio, A. M. ^{[20
]}

Philipp, S. ^{[21
]}

Klein, T. ^{[21
]}

Ossenkopf, V. ^{[14
,17
]}

Zaal, P. ^{[14
]}

Shipman, R. ^{[14
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany

[2] Observ Paris, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France

[3] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[4] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-01237 Warsaw, Poland

[5] German Aerosp Ctr, DLR, Bonn, Germany

[6] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium

[7] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Madrid, Spain

[8] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England

[9] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrenkunde, Louvain, Belgium

[10] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[11] INTA, CAB CSIC, Lab Mol Astrophys, Madrid, Spain

[12] Univ Amsterdam, Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 Amsterdam, Netherlands

[13] Observ Paris, LERMA, Paris, France

[14] Univ Groningen, SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands

[15] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[16] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Phys & Astron, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada

[17] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, KOSMA, D-50937 Cologne, Germany

[18] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[19] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland

[20] Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[21] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2010年 / 521卷

关键词：

comets: individual: 81P/Wild 2; molecular processes; radiative transfer; submillimeter: general; ODIN; SPACECRAFT; ASTRONOMY; SATELLITE; SURFACE; HIFI; H2O;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201015161

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The high spectral resolution and sensitivity of Herschel/HIFI allows for the detection of multiple rotational water lines and accurate determinations of water production rates in comets. In this Letter we present HIFI observations of the fundamental 1(10)-1(01) (557 GHz) ortho and 1(11)-0(00) (1113 GHz) para rotational transitions of water in comet 81P/Wild 2 acquired in February 2010. We mapped the extent of the water line emission with five point scans. Line profiles are computed using excitation models which include excitation by collisions with electrons and neutrals and solar infrared radiation. We derive a mean water production rate of 1.0 x 10(28) molecules s(-1) at a heliocentric distance of 1.61 AU about 20 days before perihelion, in agreement with production rates measured from the ground using observations of the 18-cm OH lines. Furthermore, we constrain the electron density profile and gas kinetic temperature, and estimate the coma expansion velocity by fitting the water line shapes.

引用

页数：5

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