Trends in Prevalence and Characteristics of Resolved and Current Hepatitis B Among US-Born Persons: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2018

被引:14
|
作者
Ly, Kathleen N. [1 ]
Xing, Jian [1 ]
Spradling, Philip R. [1 ]
机构
[1] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA
来源
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2021年 / 224卷 / 05期
关键词
hepatitis B virus; hepatitis B core antibody; prevalence; injection drug use; US born; COMPREHENSIVE IMMUNIZATION STRATEGY; VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ELIMINATE TRANSMISSION; NON-A; RECOMMENDATIONS; ANTIBODY;
D O I
10.1093/infdis/jiab224
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Background. After decades of decline, US acute hepatitis B incidence flattened since 2011. In persons aged >= 40 years and in jurisdictions affected by the opioid crisis, there is an increase in new cases. Data suggest new infections are occurring among US-born persons. Methods. We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data during 2001-2018 to examine changes in total antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen (anti-HBc) prevalence in US-born persons. During 2013-2018, the distribution of characteristics was examined. Results. During 2001-2006, 2007-2012, and 2013-2018, anti-HBc prevalence was 3.5%, 2.5%, and 2.6% among US-born persons, respectively. This corresponded to 5.7 (range, 4.8-6.6) million US-born persons with resolved or current HBV infection during 2013-2018, including 344 600 persons aged 6-29 years. The largest increase and highest prevalence was among persons who reported injection drug use (IDU), which increased from 35.3% during 2001-2006 to 58.4% during 2013-2018 (P = .07). Conclusions. Anti-HBc prevalence among US-born persons remained flat during the most recent period, coinciding with a doubling of prevalence among persons reporting IDU. These data are consistent with acute hepatitis B surveillance trends, showing increasing incidence in subpopulations where prevention could be strengthened.
引用
收藏
页码:804 / 812
页数:9
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