Author Reply: What Jealousy Can Tell Us About Theories of Emotion

We clarify aspects of our Dynamic Functional Model of Jealousy in response to D'Arms (2018) and Stets (2018). Our model proposes that jealousy is an evolved motivational state that arises over threat by a rival to one's relationship or some aspect of one's relationship (such as attention, affection, or love). The formation or loss of relationships rarely occurs instantaneously. Therefore, we argue that jealousy, whose goal is to remove or reduce the rival threat, can occur over a longer time course than is often assumed in theories of specific emotions. We further suggest that other emotions such as grief and fear also can occur over extended periods. This raises challenges for emotion theories that assume that emotions must be short-lived.