Numerical Analysis: Toward the Design of Lead Free Highly-Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

The world's energy demand is increasing enormously with the modernization of the world. The sun light is a everlasting source of energy which is environment friendly, clean and noiseless. This solar energy can easily recompense the demand of energy produced from the conventional sources of energy such as fossil fuels and reserved petroleum. Perovskite based solar cell is a promising one as it is remarkably cheaper than the present available technologies and it's conversion efficiency has rushed from from 3.8% in 2009 to 22.1% in 2016 in few years and consequently has drawn much research interest in the photovoltaic community. But because of the Pb toxicity of conventional lead halide perovskite, CH3NH3SnI3 can be a possible alternative to CH3NH3PbX3 because of its narrower band gap of 1.3 eV and a wider visible absorption spectrum than the lead halide perovskite. In this work, tin halide perovskite absorber layer is proposed as a replacement of toxic Pb-based layer. Through theoretical analysis as well as device simulation, the impacts of various parameters on the solar cell performance are studied here. In this case of ZnO/TiO2/CH3NH3SnI3/Cu2O structure shows the results of conversion efficiency of 20.047%, Jsc of 24.965 mA/cm2, FF of 87.1% and Voc of 0.92 V.