Feline head trauma: a CT analysis of skull fractures and their management in 75 cats

被引:22
|
作者
Knight, Rebekah [1 ]
Meeson, Richard L. [1 ]
机构
[1] Royal Vet Coll, Dept Clin Sci & Serv, Hatfield, Herts, England
关键词
Skull fracture; head trauma; surgery; conservative; complications; CT; computed tomography; PREDISPOSE DOMESTIC CATS; ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; MANDIBULAR FRACTURES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; HIGHRISE SYNDROME; FIXATION; DOGS; LUXATIONS; INJURIES;
D O I
10.1177/1098612X18819183
中图分类号
S85 [动物医学(兽医学)];
学科分类号
0906 ;
摘要
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the configurations and management of feline skull fractures and concurrent injuries following head trauma. Methods Medical records and CT images were reviewed for cats with skull fractures confirmed by CT that were managed conservatively or with surgery. Details of signalment, presentation, skull fracture configuration, management, re-examination, and complications or mortality were recorded and analysed. Results Seventy-five cats (53 males, 22 females) with a mean age of 4.8 +/- 3 years met the inclusion criteria. Eighty-nine percent of cats had fractures in multiple bones of the skull, with the mandible, upper jaw (maxilla, incisive and nasal bones) and craniofacial regions most commonly affected. Temporomandibular joint injury occurred in 56% of cats. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the most common cause of skull fractures, occurring in 89% of cats, and caused fractures of multiple regions of the skull. RTAs were also associated with high levels of concurrent injuries, particularly ophthalmic, neurological and thoracic injuries. A more limited distribution of injuries was seen in non-RTA cats. Equal numbers of cats were managed conservatively or surgically (47%). Mortality rate was 8% and complications were reported in 22% of cats. Increasing age at presentation and presence of internal upper jaw fractures were risk factors for development of complications. No risk factors were identified for mortality. Conclusions and relevance RTAs were the most common cause of feline skull fractures and resulted in fractures in multiple regions of the skull and concurrent injuries occurred frequently. Problems with dental occlusion were uncommon post-treatment. An increased risk of implant loosening and malocclusion was seen with palatine and pterygoid bone fractures and hard palate injuries. This study provides useful additional information regarding feline skull fractures, concurrent injuries and management techniques following head trauma.
引用
收藏
页码:1120 / 1126
页数:7
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