[1] Chongqing Technol & Business Univ, Coll Sci, Chongqing 400067, Peoples R China
[2] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Software, Dalian 116620, Peoples R China
[3] Beijing Inst Technol, Dept Appl Math, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
[4] Univ Durham, Dept Comp Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England