Hardware Implementation New Zero-Setting Power Swing Detection and Fast Detection Symmetrical Fault during Power Swing Algorithms

Distance relays, which measure the positive impedance, may mal-operate due to power swings. For maintaining security, the power swing blocking (PSB) function is embedded in commercial distance relays to avoid unintended operation during power swing. However, distance relays must operate if a fault occurs during the power swing. Most commercial relays focus on the concentrate characteristics method for detecting the power swing. The main disadvantages of this method are pre-dynamic studies which are not possible in some grids. For detecting fault during power swing, commercial relays mostly monitor the zero sequence of the current waveform, which is not noticeable in three-phase faults. In this paper, a new zero-setting PSD method will be proposed, which not need any pre-studies. By considering the transmission line as series resistance and reactance, with local data, the difference voltage angle between sending and receiving-end terminals (Delta delta) will be calculated. Also, an algorithm for the prediction of fault during power swing based on the predicted Delta delta is studied. Thus, a new method is proposed based on comparing the calculated and prediction value of the difference voltage angle between sending and receiving-end terminals. The proposed method is also implemented in a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) setup and its performance is evaluated.