Design and off-design system simulation of concentrated solar super-critical CO2 cycle integrating a radial turbine meanline model

The proper design of a Concentrated solar power (CSP) plant and the associated thermal energy storage requires a careful analysis of the yearly expected irradiance and environmental conditions. System simulations based on accurate components models allow the prediction of the performance of the plant and the analysis of the components interactions. The simulations of various scenarios provide information that will help tuning the design of the components to improve the performance of the whole system at design and off-design conditions. In this paper, the focus is set on the radial turbine expander which is one of the most important component. Classical system simulation approaches use map based performance model for the turbine. This require to generate the performance map either with meanline models, CFD simulations or experiments. This is not very convenient when iterating on the system design and if the actual turbine does not exist yet. In this work, a meanline model for radial inflow turbine operating with real gas has been implemented in MODELICA language for the first time to the authors' best knowledge. This turbine model has been coupled with the available CSP sCO2 Brayton cycle model in MODELON ThermalPower library. A parametric study on a virtual test bench show the turbine performances for various rotational speed and inlet guide vane angle. The study focus then on the performance prediction of on and off design of the system with a 8 MW turbine obtained with a simple preliminary design calculation. The investigations showed that for the varying load conditions in the solar plant system, an improved operating point has been identified by adjusting the rotational speed and the inlet guide vane angle. Future work will focus on the use such system model with multi objective meta heuristic optimization. (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.