We examine U.S. dual- and single-class firms from 1980 to 2019 and document their valuation differences over their corporate life cycle. At the IPO, dual-class firms have higher mean valuations than do single-class firms, and some evidence indicates that this premium may emanate from dual-class firm founders' unique vision and leadership skills. As firms age, the valuation premium of dual-class firms tends to dissipate, possibly because dual-class agency problems increase due to a gradual widening of the wedge (the difference between insider voting and cash flow rights) in the post-IPO years. (JEL G32, G34) Received April 15, 2019; editorial decision: July 2, 2022 editor by Andrew Ellul.
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Fed Univ Rio de Janeiro COPPEAD UFRJ, Coppead Grad Sch Business, BR-27941918 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFed Univ Espirito Santo UFES, BR-29075910 Vitoria, ES, Brazil
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Univ Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USAUniv Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USA
Lobanova, Olesya
Mishra, Suchismita
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Florida Int Univ, Coll Business, Dept Finance, Miami, FL 33199 USAUniv Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USA
Mishra, Suchismita
Raghunandan, Kannan
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Florida Int Univ, Coll Business, Sch Accounting, Miami, FL 33199 USAUniv Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USA
Raghunandan, Kannan
Aidov, Alexandre
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Univ Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USAUniv Houston Victoria, Sch Business Adm, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, 3007 N Ben Wilson St, Victoria, TX 77901 USA
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Harvard Law Sch, Law Econ & Finance, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
Harvard Law Sch, Program Corp Governance, Cambridge, MA 02138 USAHarvard Law Sch, Law Econ & Finance, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
Bebchuk, Lucian A.
Kastiel, Kobi
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Harvard Law Sch, Program Corp Governance, Project Controlling Shareholders, Cambridge, MA 02138 USAHarvard Law Sch, Law Econ & Finance, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA