Mirror-symmetry violation in bound nuclear ground states

Conservation laws are deeply related to any symmetry present in a physical system(1,2). Analogously to electrons in atoms exhibiting spin symmetries(3), it is possible to consider neutrons and protons in the atomic nucleus as projections of a single fermion with an isobaric spin (isospin) of t = 1/2 (ref.(4)). Every nuclear state is thus characterized by a total isobaric spin T and a projection T-z-two quantities that are largely conserved in nuclear reactions and decays(5,6). A mirror symmetry emerges from this isobaric-spin formalism: nuclei with exchanged numbers of neutrons and protons, known as mirror nuclei, should have an identical set of states(7), including their ground state, labelled by their total angular momentum J and parity pi. Here we report evidence of mirror-symmetry violation in bound nuclear ground states within the mirror partners strontium-73 and bromine-73. We find that a J(pi) = 5/2(-) spin assignment is needed to explain the proton-emission pattern observed from the T = 3/2 isobaricanalogue state in rubidium-73, which is identical to the ground state of strontium-73. Therefore the ground state of strontium-73 must differ from its J(pi) = 1/2(-) mirror bromine-73. This observation offers insights into charge-symmetry-breaking forces acting in atomic nuclei.