Using EBG to Enhance Directivity, Efficiency, and Back Lobe Reduction of a Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this work, a compact rectangular patch antenna and 2x2 microstrip antenna array with EBG structures have been integrated. Two types of EBGs were utalized, such as a mushroom-like EBG and a new designe of Triple Side Slotted of EBG (TSSEBG). These suggested EBGs have been located on the top antenna surface for eliminating unwanted surface waves. The mitigation in vias number is effective method for decreasing the fabrication process complexity, where it decreased from 164 to 46 and from 392 to 92 in case of used TSSBG instead of EBG in the rectangular antenna and array antenna respectively. The single antenna withTSSEBG demonstrate 10.5 dBi directivity, 93% efficiency, and -21 dB side lobe. At 6 GHz, the TSSEBG antenna array has a good improvement in directivity (15.5 dBi), side lobe (-28.5 dB), and efficiency (88%).