A Pilot Study on Nanotherapy of Momordica charantia against Trimethyltin Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Danio rerio (Zebrafish)

Background. The direct or indirect effect of chemicals on the nervous system of humans or animals is referred to as neurotoxicity. Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) intoxication causes behavioral and cognitive deficiencies in humans and experimental animals. TMT has long been used as a model toxicant in the study of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. Momordica charantia, which is used in traditional herbal medicine, has a variety of pharmacological functions. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles have a higher loading capacity, are less dense, and have a larger specific area. Objectives. To investigate a possible nanotherapy for Alzheimer's disease caused by trimethyltin chloride in freshwater zebrafish. Methods. An aqueous extract of M.charantia was used to perform the primary and secondary screening. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant capacity of crude aqueous extracts of M. charantia. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are made using a CTAB surfactant chemical process and tetraethyl orthosilicate. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and EDAX were used to characterize it. Danio rerio was used to test the trimethyltin chloride for Alzheimer's disease. The M. charantia and mesoporous silica nanoparticles were then tested in the same method. Results. The extract has no adverse effects on zebrafish, indicating that M. charantia is safe for human consumption. The histopathological findings indicate that the tissues of the fish infected with the extract had no pathological modifications. Conclusion. The M. charantia showed higher antioxidant activity and anticholinesterase activity, and upon further characterization and assessment, this could be a safe and potential drug candidate for Neurotoxicity.