Long non-coding RNA CCAT1/miR-148a/PKCζ prevents cell migration of prostate cancer by altering macrophage polarization

Background Methods Macrophage polarization plays an important role in tumor microenvironment, which regulated the prognosis of prostate cancer. However, the potential role of it is still need further identification. The M1 Macrophages were inducted using 100 ng/mL LPS and 100 ng/mL IFN-gamma, the M1 Macrophages were inducted using 20 ng/mL IL-4. TAMs were obtained by culturing monocytes for 7 days in RPMI 1640 10% FBS with 50% of conditioned medium from PC-3 cells real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-148a, CCAT1, and PKC zeta. Western blot was used to measure the level of PKC zeta. The cytokine IL-10 was determined using ELISA. Transwell chamber was carried out to determine cell migration. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the relationship between miR-148a and PKC zeta. Results Conclusion The expression of miR-148a was highest in TAMs, while CCAT1 and PKC zeta were highest in M1 Macrophages. Overexpressed miR-148a promoted the level of IL-10 and cell migration. Down-regulated CCAT1 promoted the level of IL-10 and cell migration, while this effects were abolished by co-transfection of si-CCAT1 and miR-148a inhibitor. PKC zeta is the target gene of miR-148a. The effects of overexpressed miR-148a on the level of IL-10, genes expression, and cell migration were abolished by miR-148a mimic and pcDNA-PKC zeta. In vivo experiments verified the effects of CCAT1 and miR-148a on tumor growth. CCAT1 knockdown promoted M2 macrophages polarization by up-regulating miR-148a, while miR-148a up-regulation promoted M2 macrophages polarization by down-regulating the expression of PKC zeta.