Bone mineral density in Greek children with β-Thalassemia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) in Greek children with beta-thalassaemia major. Twenty two thalassaemic patients (13M, 9F) were enrolled in the study. BMD of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) was determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). In all patients determinations of intact parathormone, thyroid function, bone markers, and haernatological parameters were assessed. BMD values related to auxological parameters (age, height, weight, BMI, bone age, stage of puberty), as well as the degree of siderosis. Mean BMD values were significantly reduced in both female (p < 0,05) and male (p < 0,05) thalassaemic patients, compared with that of age- and sex- matched healthy Greek children. BMD reduction was in the osteopenia range in 14 patients (67%) and in osteoporosis range in 3 (14%). Our data indicates that low BMD is often present from childhood in patients with thalassaemia major. Early diagnosis is important in these patients, in order to improve the quality of life in adulthood.