Benefit of Early Revascularization Based on Inducible Ischemia and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

BACKGROUND The utility of performing early myocardial revascularization among patients presenting with inducible myocardial ischemia and low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is currently unknown. OBJECTIVES In this study, we sought to assess the relationship between stress-induced myocardial ischemia, revascularization, and all-cause mortality (ACM) among patients with normal vs low LVEF. METHODS We evaluated 43,443 patients undergoing stress-rest single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging from 1998 to 2017. Median follow-up was 11.4 years. Myocardial ischemia was assessed for its interaction between early revascularization and mortality. A propensity score was used to adjust for nonrandomization to revascularization, followed by multivariable Cox modeling adjusted for the propensity score and clinical variables to predict ACM. RESULTS The frequency of myocardial ischemia varied markedly according to LVEF and angina, ranging from 6.7% among patients with LVEF >= 55% and no typical angina to 64.0% among patients with LVEF < 45% and typical angina (P < 0.001). Among 39,883 patients with LVEF >= 45%, early revascularization was associated with increased mortality risk among patients without ischemia and lower mortality risk among patients with severe (>= 15%) ischemia (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52-0.95). Among 3,560 patients with LVEF < 45%, revascularization was not associated with mortality benefit among patients with no or mild ischemia, and was associated with decreased mortality among patients with moderate (10%-14%) (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.91) and severe (& GE;15%) (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.38-0.80) ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Within this cohort, early myocardial revascularization was associated with a significant reduction in mortality among both patients with normal LVEF and severe inducible myocardial ischemia and patients with low LVEF and moderate or severe inducible myocardial ischemia.(C) 2022 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.