Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastases

被引:104
|
作者
Cacho-Diaz, Bernardo [1 ]
Garcia-Botello, Donovan R. [1 ]
Wegman-Ostrosky, Talia [2 ]
Reyes-Soto, Gervith [1 ]
Ortiz-Sanchez, Elizabeth [2 ]
Herrera-Montalvo, Luis Alonso [2 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nacl Cancerol, Neurooncol Unit, Ave San Fernando 22,Col Secc 16, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico
[2] Inst Nacl Cancerol, Res Unit, Ave San Fernando 22,Col Secc 16, Mexico City 14080, DF, Mexico
关键词
Tumor microenvironment; Brain metastases; Cancer; EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; LUNG-CANCER-METASTASIS; BREAST-CANCER; PREMETASTATIC NICHE; CERVICAL-CANCER; CELL-MIGRATION; STROMAL CELLS; NEURAL NICHE; BARRIER; EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.1186/s12967-019-02189-8
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
The present review aimed to discuss contemporary scientific literature involving differences between the tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer in their primary site and TME in brain metastases (BM). TME plays a fundamental role in the behavior of cancer. In the process of carcinogenesis, cells such as fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, natural killer cells, and other cells can perpetuate and progress carcinogenesis via the secretion of molecules. Oxygen concentration, growth factors, and receptors in TME initiate angiogenesis and are examples of the importance of microenvironmental conditions in the performance of neoplastic cells. The most frequent malignant brain tumors are metastatic in origin and primarily originate from lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. Metastatic cancer cells have to adhere to and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). After traversing BBB, these cells have to survive by producing various cytokines, chemokines, and mediators to modify their new TME. The microenvironment of these metastases is currently being studied owing to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In these three types of tumors, treatment is more effective in the primary tumor than in BM due to several factors, including BBB. Understanding the differences in the characteristics of the microenvironment surrounding the primary tumor and their respective metastasis might help improve strategies to comprehend cancer.
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页数:12
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