The possibility of unconsciously evoked emotions is often denied because awareness of an emotion's cause is considered to be precisely what produces the emotion. However, we argue that because emotional responding is important for successful living, both global and specific emotional responses can be induced without awareness. The present research used quick and super-quick subliminal priming techniques, and cognitive, feelings, and behavioral measures, to test this hypothesis. Our results show that both global moods and specific emotions can be evoked without conscious awareness of their cause.
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Univ Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Sadiq, Mohammad Ali
Halim, Muhammad Sohail
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA
Ocular Imaging Res & Reading Ctr OIRRC, Sunnyvale, CA USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Halim, Muhammad Sohail
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Hassan, Muhammad
Onghanseng, Neil
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Onghanseng, Neil
Karaca, Irmak
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Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Izmir, TurkeyUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Karaca, Irmak
Agarwal, Aniruddha
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Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res PGIMER, Adv Eye Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Chandigarh, IndiaUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Agarwal, Aniruddha
Afridi, Rubbia
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA
Ocular Imaging Res & Reading Ctr OIRRC, Sunnyvale, CA USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Afridi, Rubbia
Sepah, Yasir J.
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Sepah, Yasir J.
Do, Diana V.
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA
Do, Diana V.
Quan Dong Nguyen
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Stanford Univ, Byers Eye Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USAUniv Louisville, Dept Ophthalmol, Louisville, KY USA