A modified current injection load flow method under different load model of EV for distribution system

In this article, a modified single-phase current injection based load flow method for the distribution network with different load models of electric vehicle (EV) is proposed. The equations related to injected currents are non-linear and are represented in rectangular co-ordinates. The PQ and PV bus representations in load flow formulation are modified for the three different load models of EV including polynomial or ZIP load model (EV LM-I), voltage dependent load model (EV LM-II) and constant current load model (EV LM-III). In addition, a stochastic modelling of EV load and selection of candidate locations for DGs integration are also presented. The effect of the proposed EV load models in terms of real power loss index (ILP), reactive power loss index (ILQ), voltage profile index (IV D) and the MVA capacity index (IC) has been studied on IEEE 38-bus distribution system. Based on the values of ILP, ILQ, IV D and IC, best load model for EVs from among the load models EV LM-I, EV LM-II and EV LM-III is finally obtained.