Honeycomb lattice Kitaev model with Wen-Toric-code interactions, and anyon excitations

The honeycomb lattice Kitaev model H-K with two kinds of Wen-Toric-code four-body interactions H-WT is investigated exactly using a new fermionization method, and the ground state phase diagram is obtained. Six kinds of three-body interactions are also considered. A Hamiltonian equivalent to the honeycomb lattice Kitaev model is also introduced. The fermionization method is generalized to two-dimensional systems, and the two-dimensional Jordan-Wigner transformation is obtained as a special case of this formula. The model H-K + H-WT is symmetric in four-dimensional space of coupling constants, and the anyon type excitations appear in each phase. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.