Nanotechnology in respiratory medicine

被引:54
|
作者
Omlor, Albert Joachim [1 ,2 ]
Nguyen, Juliane [3 ]
Bals, Robert [4 ]
Quoc Thai Dinh [1 ,2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Saarland Univ Hosp, Dept Expt Pneumol & Allergol, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
[2] Univ Saarland, Fac Med, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
[3] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, New York, NY USA
[4] Univ Saarland, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med Pneumol Allergol & Resp Critica, Homburg, Germany
来源
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH | 2015年 / 16卷
关键词
Nanoparticles; Lung; Airways; Nanotoxicology; Biodistribution; Nanomedicine; COMPACTED DNA NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; GENE-THERAPY; LUNG; DELIVERY; GENOTOXICITY; INSTILLATION; DAMAGE; SILVER;
D O I
10.1186/s12931-015-0223-5
中图分类号
R56 [呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Like two sides of the same coin, nanotechnology can be both boon and bane for respiratory medicine. Nanomaterials open new ways in diagnostics and treatment of lung diseases. Nanoparticle based drug delivery systems can help against diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, nanoparticles can be loaded with DNA and act as vectors for gene therapy in diseases like cystic fibrosis. Even lung diagnostics with computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) profits from new nanoparticle based contrast agents. However, the risks of nanotechnology also have to be taken into consideration as engineered nanomaterials resemble natural fine dusts and fibers, which are known to be harmful for the respiratory system in many cases. Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles in the respiratory tract can influence the immune system, can create oxidative stress and even cause genotoxicity. Another important aspect to assess the safety of nanotechnology based products is the absorption of nanoparticles. It was demonstrated that the amount of pulmonary nanoparticle uptake not only depends on physical and chemical nanoparticle characteristics but also on the health status of the organism. The huge diversity in nanotechnology could revolutionize medicine but makes safety assessment a challenging task.
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页数:9
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