Non-melanoma skin cancer incidence and risk factors after kidney transplantation: A Canadian experience

Background. Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) after kidney transplantation is common and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Incidence and risk factors for NMSC can vary between geographic locations and there is no literature describing the incidence or risk factors for NMSC in Canada. Methods. The purpose of this retrospective Cohort Study was to determine the incidence of NMSC, the time of development of NMSC, and risk factors (including sun exposure history) for NMSC in kidney transplant recipients between 1990 and 2003 in our center (n=926). Results. We observed a 9.7% incidence of NMSC lesions after kidney transplant with a median time of development of a first NMSC lesion of 4 years. Risk factors for NMSC (multivariate analysis) include older men (> 45 years), a history of posttransplant warts, and longer duration of residence in a northern climate. Conclusion. We Conclude that NMSC is common after kidney transplantation in a northern climate and these individuals require disease prevention-specific education, more vigilant surveillance and early referral and treatment.