Pharmaceutical services in public hospitals in Mexico: a cross-sectional study

Objective To describe the provision of pharmaceutical services within Ministry of Health hospitals in Mexico and identify the main factors that affect their implementation. Methods Between November 2018 and April 2019, we conducted telephone interviews with the heads of pharmacy departments of 413 state and federal Ministry of Health hospitals in Mexico. Responses were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics to determine the main factors influencing the implementation of pharmaceutical services within these public hospitals. Key findings Of the 413 hospitals, a total of 96 hospitals in 27 states reported the provision of at least one pharmaceutical service. The most frequently reported services were: patient education on the correct use of medications (23%), provision of information to other health professionals on the rational use of medications (21%), and participation in the hospital ' s pharmacovigilance system (19%). The main factors associated with the implementation of HPS were the number of pharmacists (46%, n = 215, p=0.001) and the pharmaceutical- or health sciences-oriented education of the head of the pharmacy department of the hospital (46%, n = 215, P = 0.001). Conclusions Hiring more pharmacists and ensuring the appropriate professional education of the head of the pharmacy department are key factors to expanding the implementation of pharmaceutical services in Mexico's public hospitals.