The dataset presents the occurrence of 113 pesticide residues (PR) in drinking water samples from 31 counties worldwide and correlates their concentrates with human health. The dataset classifies PRs to four toxicity classes. Class IA (extremely toxic), includes four residues with an LD50 value < 5 mg/kg. b. w.; class IB (highly toxic compounds), includes 14 residues with an LD50 value in the range of 5-< 50 mg/kg b w.); Class II, (moderately toxic) includes 55 residues with an LD50 value in the range of 50-< 500 mg/kg b w.); Class III, (slightly toxic compounds) includes 17 residues with an LD50 value in the range of 50 0-< 2000 mg/kg bw. and class IV (less toxic compound) includes 23 residues with an LD50 value > 2000 mg/kg bw. The dataset provides a new statistical method that link all PRs together throughout using reference average (Ref Aver), reference standard deviation (Ref Stdev), country average and country standard deviation to show the statistical variations among them. Furthermore, the dataset calculates hazard indices (HIs) and shows its distribution among 31 countries. Noteworthy, the dataset provides advanced techniques to clean water from PRs. Detailed explanation and discussion of the present dataset can be found in the article entitled "Pesticide residues in drinking water, their potential risk to human health and removal options" under article doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113611 (El-Nahhal and ElNahhal, 2021). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dataset that describes the use of Ref Aver and Ref Stdev to link the averages of all PRs of countries together to show the differences of occurrence and provides several cleaning options of PRs from drinking water. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)