Genetic Engineering Technologies for Improving Crop Yield and Quality

Genetic engineering refers to the specific molecular biological modification of DNA sequences. With the rapid development of genetic engineering methods, especially the breakthroughs in guiding endonuclease technology, gene remodeling of crops has become simpler, more precise, and efficient. Genetic engineering techniques can be used to develop crops with superior traits such as high trace elements and high plant nutrients, providing an important tool to meet the needs of nearly 7.6 billion people in the world for crop yield and quality and to achieve sustainable development. This review first introduces transgenic technology and gene editing technology and analyzes the achievements in improving the efficiency of genetic transformation and regeneration in recent years. Then, it focuses on reviewing the applications of related genetic engineering technologies in improving the yield and quality of rice, maize, and wheat. In addition, the problems of genetic engineering technology in crop applications are discussed. The aim is to provide a reference for research on the development of genetic engineering technologies and the improvement of crop yield and quality.