Spirituality in the Lives of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review

The aim of this systematic review was to answer these questions: What does spirituality means to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)? And are there associations between spirituality and the health outcomes and general well-being of patients with ESRD? Thirty-three studies met the review criteria. Meaning of spirituality for patients with ESRD and spirituality in the lives of patients with ESRD were the main themes emerged. There is growing evidence that suggests a positive relationship between spirituality and the health outcomes and well-being of ESRD patients. However, the evidence is incomplete and there is a need for further research to enhance our understanding of the role of spirituality in improving the health outcomes andwell-being of ESRD patients.