Image Processing Techniques for Diagnosis of Glaucoma from Retinal Image: Brief Review

Glaucoma is the second leading disease in the world that damages Optic Nerve Head (ONH) and causes permanent blindness. Glaucoma can be diagnosed using retinal fundus images. The detection and diagnosis of glaucoma is important in the field of Ophthalmology. This paper aimed to provide a brief review of glaucoma- its types, symptoms, risk, diagnostic tools, treatment and prevention. It also discusses retinal image datasets, different image processing techniques, diagnosing parameters and performance evaluation metrics of the methods used by various researchers. The literature search revealed that, exclusively for the retinal disease glaucoma, the detection of abnormality in optic disc and optic cup is to carry out at the initial stage. Therefore, for patients with the retinal disease glaucoma, the pathological signs and symptoms have to be analysed. From the review, it was inferred that, the many different techniques and diagnosing parameters can be used to detect glaucoma using the relevant fundus features.