Hospital Nurses? Simulation -Based Education Regarding Patient Safety: A Scoping Review

Background: Little is known about the clinical impact of simulation-based education (SBE) for hospital nurses. Method: Scoping review methodology was used to examine the impact of nurse SBE programs within six patient safety domains. Results: Twenty-six articles described over 20 education topics. Based on Kirkpatrick's four levels of evaluation, programs prioritized superficial levels of evaluation: Level 1—Reaction, Level 2—Learning. Only seven studies measured Level 3—Behavior change (nurses' performance) or Level 4—Results (impact on patient care). Conclusion(s): Nurses' CPD programs should include both short-term evaluations and longitudinal measures to detect practice improvements that may advance patient safety. © 2019 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning