Mathematical modeling of magnetic dipole effect on convective heat transfer in Maxwell nanofluid flow: single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Improving the cooling process in an electrical power system is now the most critical topic. Nanoliquids are considered as dependable coolants because of their unique properties, which contain good thermal conductivity, larger critical heat flux and a quicker heat transfer rate. In light of these nanofluid characteristics, the current analysis deals with the flow and heat transference in Maxwell liquid suspended with single and Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT/MWCNT) as nanoparticles in base fluid engine oil (EO) with non-uniform heat sink/source over a stretching sheet. For velocity and thermal profiles, a comparison is made between MWCNT-EO and SWCNT-EO Maxwell liquid. The modeled equations are reduced by using appropriate similarity variables and later, these reduced equations are numerically tackled by using fourth fifth order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg's (RKF-45) procedure along with the shooting scheme. The influence of the dimensionless parameters on the flow, thermal field, Nusselt number and skin friction are broadly deliberated by using suitable graphs. Results reveal that, SWCNT-EO Maxwell fluid is highly affected by ferromagnetic interaction parameter and shows better heat transfer than MWCNT-EO Maxwell fluid. The MWCNT-EO maxwell nanoliquid shows less rate of heat transference Than SWCNT-EO Maxwell fluid for rise in temperature and space dependent heat sink/source parameters.