Patient and technique survival in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a single center of the west of Mexico

Introduction. In Mexico, CAPD survival has been analyzed in few studies from the center of the country. However, there are concerns that such results may not represent what occurs in other province centers of our country, particularly in our geographical area. Aim. To evaluate the patient and technique survival on CAPD of a single center of the west of Mexico, and compare them with other reported series. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Setting. Tertiary care, teaching hospital located in Guadalajara, Jalisco. Patients. Patients from our CAPD program (1999-2002) were retrospectively studied. Interventions. Clinical and biochemical variables at the start of dialysis and at the end of the follow-up were recorded and considered in the analysis of risk factors. Main outcome measures. Endpoints were patient (alive, dead or lost to follow-up) and technique status at the end of the study (June 2002). Results. 49 patients were included. Mean patient survival ( SE) was 3.32 +/- 0.22 years (CI 95%: 2.9-3.8 years). Patients in the present study were younger (39 +/- 17yrs), had larger body surface area (1.72 +/- 0.22 m(2)), lower hernatocrit (25.4 +/- 5.2%), albumin (2.6 +/- 0.6g/dL), and cholesterol (173 +/- 44 mg/dL), and higher urea (300 +/- 93mg/dL) and creatinine (14.9 +/- 5.6 mg/ dL) than those in other Mexican series. In univariate analysis, the following variables were associated (p < 0.05) to mortality: pre-dialysis age and creatinine clearance, and serum albumin and cholesterol at the end of follow-up. In multivariate analysis, only pre-dialysis creatinine clearance (RR 0.66, p = 0.03) and age (RR 1.08, p = 0.005) significantly predicted mortality. Mean technique survival was 2.83 +/- 0.24 years (CI 95%: 2.4-3.3). Pre-dialysis age (p < 0.05), peritonitis rate (p < 0.05), and serum phosphorus at the end of follow-up (p < 0.05) were associated with technique failure in univariate analysis, while in multivariate analysis, only pre-dialysis age (RR 1.07, p = 0.001) and peritonitis rate (RR 481, p < 0.0001) were technique failure predictors. Conclusions. Patients from this single center of the west of Mexico were younger, had higher body surface area and initiated peritoneal dialysis with a more deteriorated general status than patients reported in other Mexican series; in spite of the latter, patient and technique survival were not different. In our setting, pre-dialysis older age and lower CrCl significantly predicted mortality, while older pre-dialysis age and higher peritonitis rate predicted technique failure.