Mathematical formulae recognition using 2D grammars

We present a method for off-line mathematical formulae recognition based on the structural construction paradigm and two-dimensional grammars. In general, this approach can be successfully used in the analysis of images containing objects that exhibit rich structural relations. An important benefit of the structural construction is in treating the symbol segmentation in the image and its structural analysis as a single intertwined process. This allows the system to avoid errors usually appearing during the segmentation phase. We have developed and tested a pilot study proving that the method is computationally efficient, practical and able to cope with noise.