Changes and significance of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15, PLA-2 levels in patients with cerebral infarction

Objective: To explore the changes and significance of serum CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL-16), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2 (PLA-2) levels in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 87 patients with cerebral infarction between August 2019 and May 2020 in our hospital were selected as the disease group, and 50 healthy patients were selected as the healthy control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum CXCL-16, GDF-15, PLA-2 expression levels in all subjects. A comprehensive evaluation was made in terms of changes of various indicator levels in patients while the changes of CXCL-16, GDF-15, PLA-2 in patients with cerebral infarction after effective treatment were monitored. Results: Compared with the healthy group, the expression levels of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15 and PLA-2 in the disease group were up-regulated (P < 0.001). Patients with cerebral infarction were divided into subgroups according to the National Institutes of Health Neurological Impairment Score (NIHSS). The expression levels of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15 and PLA-2 in patients with cerebral infarction increased with the increase of the impairment score (P < 0.001). The areas of the patient's cerebral infarction were calculated according to the Pullicino formula. The expression levels of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15 and PLA-2 in patients with cerebral infarction increased with the enlargement of the infarct area, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The expression levels of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15 and PLA-2 in patients with cerebral infarction when discharged from the hospital after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.001). The AUC areas of serum CXCL-16, GDF-15 and PLA-2 indicators in predicting the therapeutic effect of cerebral infarction were 0.821, 0.883, and 0.711, respectively. Conclusion: Serum CXCL-16, GDF-15, PLA-2 in patients with cerebral infarction were all highly expressed and changed with the disease severity, which can be used as reliable indicators for monitoring the incidence, severity, and prognosis of cerebral infarction.