Impact of Air-Hole on the Optical Performances of Epitaxially Regrown P-Side Up Photonic Crystal Surface-Emitting Lasers

Optical performances of 950 nm p-side up photonic crystal surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) with different types of air holes are numerically and experimentally investigated. Simulation results show an obvious distinction between effective indexmethod and three dimensional finite-element method (FEM). Measured experiments including wavelength, threshold, and slope efficiency can wellmeet theFEMnumerical predictions. It further reveals that the B mode dominates the laser action and the PCSELs accompanying with equilateral triangle and right isosceles triangle holes possess a lower threshold current and higher radiation than symmetric circle holes. The output power can be further enhanced by increasing the filling factor of air holes before the regrowth process.