Association of triglyceride-glucose with cardiac hemodynamics in type 2 diabetes

Purpose: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable and inexpensive alternative indicator of insulin resistance. Previous studies have shown that elevated TyG index increases the risk of diabetes, coronary heart disease, and other diseases, but the relationship between TyG index and cardiac hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not clear. This study was conducted in patients with T2DM to assess the relationship between TyG and cardiac hemodynamics and its predictive ability for T2DM. Methods: A total of 647 individuals (348 males and 299 females) were enrolled in this study, including 446 T2DM patients and 201 healthy controls. The clinical data and related laboratory variables were assessed and recorded, and TyG index was calculated. Cardiac hemodynamics was measured by echocardiography. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the association between TyG and cardiac hemodynamics. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of TyG index in the diagnosis of T2DM. Results: Compared with healthy controls, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), HOMA-IR, and TyG levels were higher in patients with T2DM. With the increase of TyG, the levels of left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd), posterior wall thickness (PWT), and interventricular septum thickness (IVST) were also increased in T2DM individuals. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that TyG was an independent determinant of LVEF, PWT, IVST, and ejection time (ET) after adjusting for confounding factors. In addition, individuals with visceral obesity had higher TyG and TyG can be used as a predictor of T2DM with an AUC of 0.903 (95% CI:0.879-0.927). Conclusions: The increase of TyG index is closely related to cardiac hemodynamics of T2DM patients, which is expected to be a simple and practical biological index to predict the changes of cardiac function in patients with T2DM.