Cardiorenal syndromes are disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or long-term dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or long-term dysfunction of the other. The management of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors may influence, in a beneficial or harmful way, kidney function and progression of kidney injury. In this review, we assess therapeutic strategies and discuss treatment options for the management of patients with heart failure with decreased kidney function and highlight the need for future high-quality studies in patients with coexisting heart and kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 56: 759-773. (C) 2010 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc.
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Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center/University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St., Box 111A1, San Francisco, 94121, CADivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center/University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St., Box 111A1, San Francisco, 94121, CA
Dubin R.F.
Shah S.J.
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Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, ILDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center/University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St., Box 111A1, San Francisco, 94121, CA
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Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, ChicagoDivision of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, Chicago
Brandimarte F.
Fedele F.
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Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, ChicagoDivision of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, Chicago
Fedele F.
De Luca L.
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Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, ChicagoDivision of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, Chicago
De Luca L.
Fonarow G.C.
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Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, ChicagoDivision of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, Chicago
Fonarow G.C.
Gheorghiade M.
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Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, ChicagoDivision of Cardiology, Northwestern University Femberg School of Medicine, Chicago