Massively Parallel DNA Computing Based on Domino DNA Strand Displacement Logic Gates

DNA computing has gained considerable attention due to the characteristics of high-density information storage and high parallel computing for solving computational problems. Building addressable logic gates with biomolecules is the basis for establishing biological computers. In the current calculation model, the multiinput AND operation often needs to be realized through a multilevel cascade between logic gates. Through experiments, it was found that the multilevel cascade causes signal leakage and affects the stability of the system. Using DNA strand displacement technology, we constructed a domino-like multiinput AND gate computing system instead of a cascade of operations, realizing multiinput AND computing on one logic gate and abandoning the traditional multilevel cascade of operations. Fluorescence experi-ments demonstrated that our methods significantly reduce system construction costs and improve the stability and robustness of the system. Finally, we proved stability and robustness of the domino AND gate by simulating the tic-tac-toe process with a massively parallel computing strategy.