Postoperative Length of Stay and 30-Day Readmission After Geriatric Hip Fracture: An Analysis of 8434 Patients

Objectives: To identify factors associated with increased postoperative length of stay (LOS) and readmission after surgical repair of geriatric hip fractures. Methods: Patients aged 70 years and older who underwent hip fracture surgery from January 2011 through December 2012 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patient characteristics were tested for association with postoperative LOS and readmission using bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results: For the 8434 patients with hip fracture identified, the average age was 83.8 +/- 5.9 years (mean +/- SD), and 26.9% were male. Average postoperative LOS was 5.6 +/- 6.0 days. Ten percent were readmitted within the first 30 postoperative days. Increased postoperative LOS of at least 1 full day was associated with increased time from admission to surgery, non-general anesthesia, and procedure type on multivariate analysis. Readmission was associated with increased age, male sex, body mass index >= 35 kg/m(2), American Society of Anesthesiologists class >= 3, pulmonary disease, hypertension, steroid use, dependent functional status, and discharge to a facility on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Ten percent of patients were readmitted after hip fracture repair in this national sample. Preoperative time to surgery, anesthesia type, and implant selection are 3 risk factors for increased LOS that can potentially be modified. A clinically significant risk factor for readmission was body mass index >= 35 kg/m(2), which was not associated with increased postoperative LOS. The identified risk factors illuminate opportunities for optimizing care for hip fracture patients aged 70 and older.