Hydraulic controls of exchange flows

This paper studies hydraulically controlled, inviscid, hydrostatic two-layer exchange flows. The control curve concept is extended to incorporate the effects of variations in channel width and barotropic forcing. Using control curves, locations of hydraulic controls are identified, and exchange flows are predicted for flows through a channel of complex geometry, flows through an opening, and flows with barotropic forcing. Control curves are used to determine true locations of hydraulic controls including virtual controls, and provide many insights into exchange flows.