A Meta-Model Assisted Coprocessor Synthesis Framework for Compiler/Architecture Parameters Customization

Hardware coprocessors are extensively used in modern heterogeneous systems-on-chip (SoC) designs to provide efficient implementation of application-specific functions. Customized coprocessor synthesis exploits design space exploration to derive Pareto optimal design configurations for a set of targeted metrics. Existing exploration strategies for coprocessor synthesis have been focused on either time consuming iterative scheduling approaches or ad-hoc sampling of the solution space guided by the designer's experience. In this paper, we introduce a meta-model assisted exploration framework that eliminates the aforementioned drawbacks by using response surface models (RSMs) for generating customized coprocessor architectures. The methodology is based on the construction of analytical delay and area models for predicting the quality of the design points without resorting to costly architectural synthesis procedures. Various RSM techniques are evaluated with respect to their accuracy and convergence. We show that the targeted solution space can be accurately modeled through RSMs, thus enabling a speedup of the overall exploration runtime without compromising the quality of results. Comparative experimental results, over a set of real-life benchmarks, prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of quality improvements of the design solutions and exploration runtime reductions. An MPEG-2 decoder case study describes how the proposed approach can be exploited for customizing the architecture of two hardware accelerated kernels.