A raw deal reheated: Reply to comments by Rogers, Fischer, and Smith and Evans

Rogers (this issue) demonstrates deficiencies in the American Psychological Association 2002 Ethics Code and underscores our broader obligations to clients and to society. Rogers proposes that clients lack sufficient understanding to make informed decisions about releasing test records. I contend that we must support clients' autonomous decisions regarding their assessments. Fischer (this issue) shows how individualized approaches to assessment can obviate many of our worries about the misuse of test data. Smith and Evans (this issue) observe that it is too early to measure all the risks and costs associated with the new rules and bemoan the surrender of our professional autonomy. I question whether psychologists ever had the sovereignty they suppose we are abdicating. I close with an analysis of how changing societal values promote evolution in professional practice.