A system for electric vehicle's energy-aware routing in a transportation network through real-time prediction of energy consumption

To tackle the problem of range anxiety of a driver of an electric vehicle (EV), it is necessary to accurately estimate the power/energy consumption of EVs in real time, so that drivers can get real-time information about the vehicle's remaining range. In addition, it can be used for energy-aware routing, i.e., the driver can be provided with information that on which route less energy consumption will take place. In this paper, an integrated system has been proposed which can provide reliable and real-time estimate of the energy consumption for an EV. The approach uses Deep Auto-Encoders (DAE), cross-connected using latent space mapping, which consider historical traffic speed to predict the traffic speed at multiple time steps in future. The predicted traffic speed is used to calculate the future vehicle speed. The vehicle speed, acceleration along with wind speed, road elevation, temperature, battery's SOC, and auxiliary loads are used as input to a multi-channel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict the energy consumption. The prediction is further fine-tuned using a Bagged Decision Tree (BDT). Unlike other existing techniques, the proposed system can be easily generalized for other vehicles as it is independent of internal vehicle parameters. Comparison with other benchmark techniques shows that the proposed system performs better and has a least mean absolute percentage error of 1.57%.