Diagnostic Dilemma in a Case of Diffuse Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation With Vascular Stenosis

Diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is a rare entity, the exact incidence of which is unknown. It can be limited to a single lobe, or it can diffusely involve one or both the lungs. Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial, as it is associated with increased frequency of thoracic and neurologic complications. Different diagnostic modalities offer some advantages over the others. None of the reported cases in the literature have associated stenosis of any major artery. We describe a rare case of diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformation limited to a lobe associated with descending pulmonary artery stenosis. © 2020 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons