Comparison of selection methods to deduce natural background levels for groundwater units

被引:49
|
作者
Griffioen, Jasper [1 ]
Passier, Hilde F. [1 ]
Klein, Janneke [1 ]
机构
[1] TNO Geol Survey Netherlands, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands
关键词
D O I
10.1021/es7032586
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Establishment of natural background levels (NBL) for groundwater is commonly performed to serve as reference when assessing the contamination status of groundwater units. We compare various selection methods to establish NBLs using groundwater quality data for four hydrogeologically different areas in the highly populated and developed subcatchment Western River Rhine, The Netherlands: selection of old groundwater (before 1945), of tritium-free groundwater (i.e., infiltrated before 1950), and of groundwater having no agricultural contamination by NO3 and SO4. Differences as well as similarities in percentile values for Cl, NH4, and SO4 concentrations are observed among the selection methods as well as the spatial units, pointing out that selection of the data set is a crucial step in deducing NBLs. The following general points of attention are deduced: (1) reference to composition of recharge water (rain or river infiltrate) is necessary to confirm the statistical outcomes, (2) old analyses are affected by conservation errors after sampling for redox-sensitive solutes and may be obtained by selective sampling, (3) old analyses are the only direct reference for NBLs for groundwater units having only anthropogenically influenced, young groundwater at present, and (4) establishment of a priori percentile values as maximum NBL is not right and confirmation by additional process-based insight in the controls on water composition is necessary.
引用
收藏
页码:4863 / 4869
页数:7
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [21] Quantitative source identification and determination of natural background levels for typical ions in groundwater of the Huaibei Plain, China
    Xu, Jinzhao
    Liu, Guijian
    Zhang, Mingzhen
    Lu, Muyuan
    Wang, Sizhuang
    Li, Yongli
    Arif, Muhammad
    Si, Wen
    Wang, Guanyu
    ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES, 2024, 83 (01)
  • [22] Quantitative source identification and determination of natural background levels for typical ions in groundwater of the Huaibei Plain, China
    Jinzhao Xu
    Guijian Liu
    Mingzhen Zhang
    Muyuan Lu
    Sizhuang Wang
    Yongli Li
    Muhammad Arif
    Wen Si
    Guanyu Wang
    Environmental Earth Sciences, 2024, 83
  • [23] Natural background levels and threshold values for groundwater in fluvial Pleistocene and Tertiary marine aquifers in Flanders, Belgium
    Coetsiers, Marleen
    Blaser, Petra
    Martens, Kristine
    Walraevens, Kristine
    ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY, 2009, 57 (05): : 1155 - 1168
  • [24] Factors Controlling Natural Background Levels of Ammonium and Iodide in Shallow Groundwater of Coastal Aquifers, South China
    Pei, Lixin
    Lu, Xin
    Li, Xiwen
    Zhang, Ming
    Wu, Heqiu
    WATER, 2022, 14 (22)
  • [25] Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Groundwater Natural Background Levels in a Rapid Urbanization Area, Northeast of Beijing, China
    Zongwen Zhang
    Haodong Wang
    Zheming Shi
    Ning Sun
    Exposure and Health, 2024, 16 : 341 - 355
  • [26] Natural background levels and threshold values of monitored parameters in the Cambrian-Vendian groundwater body, Estonia
    Marandi, Andres
    Karro, Enn
    ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY, 2008, 54 (06): : 1217 - 1225
  • [27] Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Groundwater Natural Background Levels in a Rapid Urbanization Area, Northeast of Beijing, China
    Zhang, Zongwen
    Wang, Haodong
    Shi, Zheming
    Sun, Ning
    EXPOSURE AND HEALTH, 2024, 16 (02) : 341 - 355
  • [28] Natural background levels of chemical components in groundwater of Hutuo River catchment area, North China Plain
    Zhang, Ying
    Chen, Zongyu
    Sun, Jichao
    Wang, Jincui
    ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS, 2017, 18 (01) : 62 - 73
  • [29] Comparison of Background Subtraction methods
    Benraya, Imane
    Benblidia, Nadjia
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SMART SYSTEMS (ICASS), 2018,
  • [30] Cadmium Background Levels in Groundwater in an Area Dominated by Agriculture
    Kubier, Andreas
    Hamer, Kay
    Pichler, Thomas
    INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT, 2020, 16 (01) : 103 - 113