Peculiarities of Intracellular Signal Transduction in the Regulation of Functions of Mesenchymal, Neural, and Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

The role of NF-kappa B, cAMP/PKA, JAKs/STAT3, ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and p53 signaling pathways in the realization of growth potential of mesenchymal, neural, erythroid, and granulomonocytic progenitor cells were examined in vitro. Using selective blockers of signaling molecules, we revealed some principal distinctions of their involvement in determination of proliferation-differentiation status of the progenitor cells of different functional classes. The most salient peculiarities were observed in the roles of cAMP/PKA, JNK, and JAKs/STAT3 signaling pathways in the control of functions of various types of the regeneration-competent elements. The specific features of intracellular signaling revealed in histogenetically and functionally different progenitor cells attest to visibility of differentiated pharmacological stimulation of regeneration in individual tissues and prospectiveness in the development of targeted remedies for regenerative medicine based on modifiers of activity of the intracellular signaling molecules.