Cognitive outcomes in children and adolescents born very preterm: a meta-analysis

被引:164
|
作者
Brydges, Christopher R. [1 ,2 ]
Landes, Jasmin K. [1 ]
Reid, Corinne L. [3 ]
Campbell, Catherine [4 ]
French, Noel [4 ,5 ]
Anderson, Mike [1 ]
机构
[1] Murdoch Univ, Sch Psychol & Exercise Sci, Perth, WA, Australia
[2] Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
[3] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Hlth Social Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[4] King Edward Mem Hosp, Neonatal Clin Care Unit, Perth, WA, Australia
[5] State Child Dev Ctr, Perth, WA, Australia
来源
关键词
LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; PROCESSING SPEED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOMES; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES; NEUROBEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; VOLUME REDUCTIONS; FOLLOW-UP;
D O I
10.1111/dmcn.13685
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
AimTo estimate the association between very preterm birth (<32wks' gestation) and intelligence, executive functioning, and processing speed throughout childhood and adolescence, and to examine the effects of gestational age, birthweight, and age at assessment. MethodStudies were included if children were born at earlier than 32weeks' gestation, aged 4 to 17years, had an age-matched term control group, and if the studies used standardized measures, were published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal, and placed no restrictions on participants based on task performance. ResultsWe evaluated 6163 children born very preterm and 5471 term-born controls from 60 studies. Children born very preterm scored 0.82 SDs (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.90; p<0.001) lower on intelligence tests, 0.51 SDs (95% CI 0.44-0.58; p<0.001) lower on measures of executive functioning, and 0.49 SDs (95% CI 0.39-0.60; p<0.001) lower on measures of processing speed than term-born controls. Gestational age and birthweight were associated with study effect size in intelligence and executive functioning of younger children only. Age at assessment was not associated with study effect size. InterpretationChildren born very preterm have medium to large deficits in these cognitive domains. What this paper adds This meta-analysis is centred on very preterm birth and three cognitive domains. The three critical cognitive domains are intelligence, executive functioning, and processing speed. Resumen Resultados cognitivos en ninos y adolescentes nacidos muy prematuros: un metaanalisis ObjetivoEstimar la asociacion entre nacimiento muy prematuro (gestacion <32 semanas) e inteligencia, funcionamiento ejecutivo y velocidad de procesamiento durante la ninez y la adolescencia, y examinar los efectos de la edad gestacional, el peso al nacer y la edad en la evaluacion. MetodoSe incluyeron estudios si los ninos nacieron antes de las 32 semanas de gestacion, con edades comprendidas entre 4 y 17 anos, tenian un grupo control a termino de la misma edad y si los estudios utilizaron medidas estandarizadas, se publicaron en una revista revisada por pares en ingles y no impuso restricciones a los participantes en funcion del rendimiento de la tarea. ResultadosEvaluamos a 6.163 ninos nacidos muy prematuros y 5.471 controles nacidos a termino incluidos en 60 estudios. Los ninos nacidos muy prematuros obtuvieron 0,82 DE (intervalo de confianza [IC] de 95% 0,74-0,90; p<0,001) menor en las pruebas de inteligencia, 0,51 DE (IC del 95%: 0,44-0,58; p<0,001) menor en las medidas de funcionamiento ejecutivo y 0,49 DE (IC del 95%: 0,39-0,60; p<0,001) mas bajo en las medidas de velocidad de procesamiento que los controles nacidos a termino. La edad gestacional y el peso al nacer se asociaron con el tamano del efecto del estudio en la inteligencia y el funcionamiento ejecutivo de solamente en los ninos mas pequenos. La edad en la evaluacion no se asocio con el tamano del efecto del estudio. InterpretacionLos ninos que nacen muy prematuros tienen deficits medianos a grandes en estos dominios cognitivos. Resumo Resultados cognitivos em criancas e adolescentes nascidos muito prematuros: uma metanalise ObjetivoEstimar a associacAo entre nascimento muito prematuro (gestacAo < 32 semanas) e inteligencia, funcionamento executivo, e velocidade de processamento ao longo da infancia e adolescencia, e examinar os efeitos da idade gesatcional, paso ao nascimento, e idade no momento da avaliacAo. MetodoEstudos foram incluidos se as criancas nasceram com menos de 32 semanas de idade gestacional, tinham idade entre 4 e 17 anos, se havia um grupo controle a termo pareado pela idade, e se os estudos utilizaram instrumentos padronizados, foram publicados em um jornal de lingua inglesa revisado por pares, e nAo impuseram nenhuma restricAo com base no desempenho dos participantes. ResultadosAvaliamos 6.163 criancas nascidas muito prematuras e 5.471 controles a termo de 60 estudos. As criancas nascidas muito prematuras pontuaram 0,82 DPs (intervalo de confianca [IC] 95% 0,74-0,90; p<0,001) menos em testes de inteligencia, 0,51 DPs (IC 95% 0,44-0,58; p<0,001) menos em medidas de funcAo executiva, e 0,49 DPs (IC 95% 0,39-0,60; p<0,001) menos em medidas de velocidade de processamento do que os controles a termo. A idade gestacional e peso ao nascimento foram asosociados com o tamanho do efeito no estudo em inteligencia e funcAo executiva apenas de criancas mais novas. A idade no momento da avaliacAo nAo foi associada ao tamanho do efeito do estudo. InterpretacAoCriancas nascidas muito prematuras tem deficits de medios a grandes nos dominios cognitivos. What this paper adds This meta-analysis is centred on very preterm birth and three cognitive domains. The three critical cognitive domains are intelligence, executive functioning, and processing speed. This review is commented on by Korzeniewski on page 436 of this issue. This article's abstract has been translated into Spanish and Portuguese. Follow the links from the abstract to view the translations.
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页码:452 / 468
页数:17
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