Is there reason to believe that Weber's work was influenced by Nietzsehe's thought ? An examination of the debates around this question in Germany and the English-speaking world allows for nuancing and indeed rejecting any such hypothesis. In this Study the question of Weber's relations with the Niet/scheans and "Nietzscheisms" has been left aside, and priority given to the main ideas of the two thinkers. in a reasoned comparison of their respective thinking on the themes of religion, science, and politics. Significant between them are observed in those three areas but Weber approaches Nietzches's work in a contrasted and differentiated way. combining, common themes. use of critical refutation. and a degree of ironic suspicion.