Radiation hormesis: Autophagy and other cellular mechanisms

被引:39
|
作者
Szumiel, Irena [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nucl Chem & Technol, Ctr Radiobiol & Biol Dosimetry, PL-03195 Warsaw, Poland
关键词
Hormesis; autophagy; reactive oxygen species; radioadaptive response; oxidative stress; ageing; FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; DOSE IONIZING-RADIATION; INDUCED RADIOADAPTIVE RESPONSE; ADAPTIVE SURVIVAL RESPONSES; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DNA-DAMAGE; LIFE-SPAN; BLOOD-LYMPHOCYTES;
D O I
10.3109/09553002.2012.699698
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Purpose: To review the cellular mechanisms of hormetic effects induced by low dose and low dose rate ionising radiation in model systems, and to call attention to the possible role of autophagy in some hormetic effects. Results and conclusions: Very low radiation doses stimulate cell proliferation by changing the equilibrium between the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of growth factor receptors. Radioadaptation is induced by various weak stress stimuli and depends on signalling events that ultimately decrease the molecular damage expression at the cellular level upon subsequent exposure to a moderate radiation dose. Ageing and cancer result from oxidative damage under oxidative stress conditions; nevertheless, ROS are also prominent inducers of autophagy, a cellular process that has been shown to be related both to ageing retardation and cancer prevention. A balance between the signalling functions and damaging effects of ROS seems to be the most important factor that decides the fate of the mammalian cell when under oxidative stress conditions, after exposure to ionising radiation. Not enough is yet known on the pre-requirements for maintaining such a balance. Given the present stage of investigation into radiation hormesis, the application of the conclusions from experiments on model systems to the radiation protection regulations would not be justified.
引用
收藏
页码:619 / 628
页数:10
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