Photorespiration and the potential to improve photosynthesis

被引：82
|
作者：
Hagemann, Martin [1 ]
Bauwe, Hermann [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Rostock, Inst Biowissensch, Abt Pflanzenphysiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
来源：
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY | 2016年 / 35卷
关键词：
C-4; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TOBACCO PLANTS; CO2; FIXATION; GLYCOLATE; RUBISCO; EVOLUTION; PROTEIN; CYCLE; CHLOROPLASTS; EXPRESSION;
D O I：
10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.09.014
中图分类号：
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号：
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
The photorespiratory pathway, in short photorespiration, is an essential metabolite repair pathway that allows the photosynthetic CO2 fixation of plants to occur in the presence of oxygen. It is necessary because oxygen is a competing substrate of the CO2-fixing enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, forming 2-phosphoglycolate that negatively interferes with photosynthesis. Photorespiration very efficiently recycles 2-phosphoglycolate into 3-phosphoglycerate, which re-enters the Calvin-Benson cycle to drive sustainable photosynthesis. Photorespiration however requires extra energy and re-oxidises one quarter of the 2-phosphoglycolate carbon to CO2, lowering potential maximum rates of photosynthesis in most plants including food and energy crops. This review discusses natural and artificial strategies to reduce the undesired impact of air oxygen on photosynthesis and in turn plant growth.
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页码：109 / 116
页数：8
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